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对你的孩子好一些，他们将决定你去哪家养老院
美国有一句很好玩的谚语：对你的孩子好一些，他们将决定你去哪家养老院（Be nice to your kids. They will choose your nursing home）。很多的美国人都喜欢拿这句话来调侃，也常出现在年轻人的体恤和送给父母的礼品和装饰上，而华裔听起来却不免有些心酸，因为这句话道出了在美国养老的现实，靠孩子是不可能的，这和中国的传统文化满拧。
There's a very funny saying in America: Be nice to your kids, and They'll decide which nursing home you'll go to. Many americans like to take this sentence to ridicule, also often appear in the young man's shirt and send to parents gifts and decorations, and the Chinese sounds is unavoidable some sad, because this sentence says the endowment of reality in the United States, by children is impossible, this ManNing and Chinese traditional culture.
美国人从小就比较独立，到了十八岁便搬出去自立门户，上学、选职业、成家等许多大事都是自己做主，退休后也是独立居住，极少和子女住在一起。如果老年人（包括少数中青年人）由于疾病或事故等原因丧失了独立生活能力的话，除非病人和家属有特别的选择能力（譬如请家庭全时特护、孩子自愿承担看护等），多数时候只好进养老院（nursing home）。
At 18, americans more independent at an early age and moved out to housekeep, school, choose career, family and many other things are all his family, and independent living after retirement, rarely and children live together. If the elderly (including a few young people) due to reasons such as illness or accident lost the ability to live independently, unless the choice of patients and families have a special ability (such as home full-time, child care, please voluntarily take care, etc.), so most of the time in a nursing home (nursing home).
美国的养老院是专门为那些因身体限制而需要24小时监护或协助生活的人们设立的，那里通常有专业的护士或护士助理全天候值班，入住的成员是有身体或精神残疾的老人（少数中青年人），尤其是那些在事故或疾病过后恢复期里需要物理、职业、或康复治疗的病人，也有一些老人院专门照顾有特殊需要的老人，譬如患老年痴呆症的病人等。
Nursing homes in the United States is dedicated to those who need to 24 hours due to physical restrictions care or help people set up, there is usually a professional nurse or a nurse assistant all-weather duty, member is in a physical or mental disability old man (minority) in young people, especially those in the recovery period after the accident or disease patients in need of physical, occupational, or rehabilitation therapy, there are also some elderly special care of the old man with special needs, such as alzheimer's disease patients, etc.
护理专业性要求自低至高的顺序，美国的养老院主要分成三类。
The nursing profession demands from low to high order, the American nursing home is divided into three main categories.
1、中等程度的护理机构（Intermediate care facility，简称ICF）
1. Intermediate care facility (ICF)
收入这种养老院的人多是没有完全丧失自理能力、年老、但不是真正病重的人，他们不需要像医院或专业护理院那么高的护理程度，这些人要么自费，要么由保险公司（如long term care insurance，长期护理保险）或第三方（如hospice，死前关怀公司）付费。
Income that many nursing homes is not completely lose self-care ability, old age, but not really sick people, they do not need like a hospital or a professional degree of nursing care is so high, these people either at his own expense, either by insurance company (such as long term care insurance, long-term care insurance) or a third party (such as hospice, before dying care companies) to pay.
2、协助生活机构（Assisted living facility，简称ALF）
2. Assisted living facility (ALF)
这种老人院主要是针对那些有残疾的人，他们每天会在指导和协助下进行一些锻炼或日常活动，这些人虽然不能独立生活，但也不需要24小时的医疗护理，这种协助机构的宗旨就是在保证生存尊严前提下的协助生活，由各州设定自己的标准和监管。依据每一个案例不同，协助生活的养老院由自费、长期护理保险、或联邦医疗保险Medicare单独或联合支付。
The elderly is mainly aimed at people who have disabilities, they will be under the guidance and help do some exercise every day or daily activities, although these people can't live independently, but also do not need 24-hour medical care, the aim of this assistance agency is under the premise that guarantee survival dignity of assisted living, by the states to set their own standards and regulations. Depending on each case, assisted living nursing homes are either individually or jointly paid for by themselves, long-term care insurance, or Medicare.
3、专业护理机构（Skilled nursing facility，简称SNF）
3. Professional nursing facility (SNF)
专业护理机构是由联邦医疗保险（Medicare）和联邦医疗补助（Medicaid）项目资助的护理设施，每年，美国这两个联邦项目的大部分支出都用来支持老人和残疾人的护理费用了。联邦医疗保险主要针对的是退休前交纳过社安税和联邦医疗保险的65岁以上的老人；而联邦医疗补助对应的则是贫困线以下的群体。这种养老院必需通过联邦和州政府的认证，同时严格遵守联邦和所在州的法律法规，还要定期接受检查。
Professional nursing organization is by Medicare (Medicare) and federal Medicaid (Medicaid) project funded care facilities, every year, most of the spending of the two federal program to support the elderly and disabled care costs. Medicare is mainly targeted at elderly people over 65 who have paid social security and medicare before they retire; Medicaid, for example, is below the poverty line. The nursing home has to be certified by federal and state governments, while strictly complying with federal and state laws and regulations, and is subject to periodic inspections.
美国的养老院是除医院之外能得到最专业护理的机构，除了提供医疗护理之外，他们还辅助老人洗澡、更衣、进食、便溺等日常生活需要，并提供社交和娱乐活动。据统计美国共有一万六千五百所养老院，近一百八十万张床位，共有三百五十万人居住在养老院里。
In addition to the nursing home of the United States is the hospital can get the most professional care institutions, in addition to providing medical care, they also assist the old man to take a bath, change clothes, eat, defecation, such as daily life needs, and provide social and recreational activities. According to statistics, there are 16,500 nursing homes in the United States, nearly 1.8 million beds, and 3.5 million people live in nursing homes.
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下面让我带你去看看专业护理级别的养老院的一些情况。
Let me show you a few things about nursing home care at a professional level.
养老院的外面。虽然各州对养老院建筑的规定不同，但养老院多是一层或至少低层的建筑，这是为了在紧急情况（火灾、地震等）下能快速疏散。
Outside the nursing home. Although states have different provisions for nursing home buildings, the nursing home is mostly a floor or at least low-rise buildings, which are designed to evacuate quickly under emergency conditions (fire, earthquake, etc.).
养老院四周的花园一般都养护得很好，其中的通道都没有梯坎，以方便轮椅的自由进出。养老院一般会专门雇一个花匠来打理花园，春夏的时候我也常常带着丫丫加入志愿者的队伍，到周围养老院的花园里帮忙。
The gardens around the nursing home are generally well maintained, and there are no terraced passages to facilitate the free movement of wheelchairs. The nursing home typically employs a gardener to take care of the garden, and in the spring and summer I often take my ya-ya to volunteer to help out in the garden of the nursing home.
大厅里有架钢琴，平时会弹奏的老人在有闲情的时候会演奏几下，也有一些志愿者在周末或节假日的时候专门前来为老人们演奏。
There was a piano in the hall, and the old man would play a few times when he was in love, and some of the volunteers came to play for the old people on weekends or holidays.
过道两边沿墙装有宽大结实的扶手，便于老人扶着站起来，而楼道里也没有上下的梯坎，方便轮椅通行。有楼层的养老院内都设有能容纳轮椅的电梯。
Along the two sides of the aisle, there are large and strong arms, so that the elderly can stand up and stand up, and there is no stairway in the stairway, which is convenient for wheelchair access. The floors are equipped with wheelchair elevators.
很多养老院都有至少一条受过严格训练、持有执照的“治疗狗”。美国的养老院是最早将狗用在临床治疗上的，因为美国人一般都特别喜欢狗，而狗给老人带来的快乐也是毫无保留的，这种安慰有时会超过偶尔前来探望的亲属和医护人员。
Many nursing homes have at least one well-trained, licensed "treatment dog". Nursing homes in the United States is the earliest will be used in clinical treatment of the dog, because the average American especially fond of dogs, and dogs happy brought the old man is without reservation, the comfort is sometimes more than once in a while to come to visit relatives and medical workers.
养老院里有一个中心护士站，病历存放在这里。每个老人都有自己的医生，没有特殊情况的话医生一般每个月会来看老人一次。养老院24小时有护士或护士助理值班，如有问题，护士随时可以和医生联系，紧急情况下救护车一般能在几分钟内把老人送到附近医院的急诊室。
There is a central nursing station in the nursing home, where the medical records are stored. Every old man has his own doctor, and doctors usually visit the old man every month without special circumstances. Nursing homes have a nurse or a nurse assistant on duty 24 hours, if any problem, the nurse can always contact a doctor, an emergency ambulance can generally within a few minutes the old man sent to the nearby hospital emergency room.
老人就餐的地方，餐桌之间留出的距离很大，以保证需要坐在轮椅上吃饭的老人能有足够的空间进出。
Where the old man has eaten, the distance between the tables is large enough to ensure that the elderly who need to sit in a wheelchair can have plenty of room to move in and out.
一天三餐的食谱，营养均衡，可惜不少老人没有胃口。
Three meals a day, nutrition balance, but many old people have no appetite.
室内活动场所，可以看电视、下棋、聊天、做手工等，虽然不少老人已经有某种程度的呆傻，但社交活动是人的本能需要，对老人非常有益，尤其有利于减缓痴呆症状的恶化。
Indoor activity room, you can watch TV, play chess, chat, do manual, etc., although many old people have some degree of DaiSha, but social activities is the instinct of a man needs, for the old man is very good, especially for slowing the progression of dementia symptoms.
小卖铺
Grocery stories
教堂，每周当地的牧师会按时前来诵经，也欢迎老人随时来这里祈祷等。
The church, a weekly local priest, would come to the recitation on time and welcome the old man to come and pray at any time.
物理治疗室。在专业理疗师的指导下，不少中风或骨折的病人可以部分或全部恢复日常生活功能。
Physical therapy room. Under the guidance of a professional physiotherapist, many patients with a stroke or fracture may recover some or all of their daily functions.
两个老人一间的卧室，中间有帘子可以拉开拉合。内有储藏柜和电视，为了怕老人从床上摔下来跌坏了，养老院一般提供矮床，对那些不能下床的老人床上设有吃饭的矮桌。
The two old men have a bedroom with a curtain that can pull it apart. Inside the storage cabinet and TV, in order to be afraid old people fall off from the bed to fall bad, the nursing home generally provides the low bed, to those who can not get out of the bed to have the table of table of meal.
老人坐在这样的椅子上，在护理人员的帮助下洗澡
The old man sat in such a chair and bathed with the help of the paramedics
养老院让他们有尊严地安度晚年。
The nursing home gives them dignity in their old age.
小编絮语：在中国，怎样让父母有尊严地养老一直是一个宏大的社会话题，在老年化的中国，中青年的身上背着更重的赡养责任，更多的独身子女面对着四个老人的养老问题。看完这篇文章，也能深刻地感受到中国老人生存的环境差异。我们终要老去，还是好好挣钱，争取老了能住上美国的养老院……
Small make up word: in China, how to let the parents have dignity endowment has always been a grand social issues, the aging of China, the young and middle-aged carrying greater responsibility to maintain more single children facing the four old man endowment problem. After reading this article, I can also deeply feel the environmental difference of the elderly living in China. We are going to get old, or we will make money, we will get old, we can live in a nursing home in America...
There's a very funny saying in America: Be nice to your kids, and They'll decide which nursing home you'll go to. Many americans like to take this sentence to ridicule, also often appear in the young man's shirt and send to parents gifts and decorations, and the Chinese sounds is unavoidable some sad, because this sentence says the endowment of reality in the United States, by children is impossible, this ManNing and Chinese traditional culture.
美国人从小就比较独立，到了十八岁便搬出去自立门户，上学、选职业、成家等许多大事都是自己做主，退休后也是独立居住，极少和子女住在一起。如果老年人（包括少数中青年人）由于疾病或事故等原因丧失了独立生活能力的话，除非病人和家属有特别的选择能力（譬如请家庭全时特护、孩子自愿承担看护等），多数时候只好进养老院（nursing home）。
At 18, americans more independent at an early age and moved out to housekeep, school, choose career, family and many other things are all his family, and independent living after retirement, rarely and children live together. If the elderly (including a few young people) due to reasons such as illness or accident lost the ability to live independently, unless the choice of patients and families have a special ability (such as home full-time, child care, please voluntarily take care, etc.), so most of the time in a nursing home (nursing home).
美国的养老院是专门为那些因身体限制而需要24小时监护或协助生活的人们设立的，那里通常有专业的护士或护士助理全天候值班，入住的成员是有身体或精神残疾的老人（少数中青年人），尤其是那些在事故或疾病过后恢复期里需要物理、职业、或康复治疗的病人，也有一些老人院专门照顾有特殊需要的老人，譬如患老年痴呆症的病人等。
Nursing homes in the United States is dedicated to those who need to 24 hours due to physical restrictions care or help people set up, there is usually a professional nurse or a nurse assistant all-weather duty, member is in a physical or mental disability old man (minority) in young people, especially those in the recovery period after the accident or disease patients in need of physical, occupational, or rehabilitation therapy, there are also some elderly special care of the old man with special needs, such as alzheimer's disease patients, etc.
护理专业性要求自低至高的顺序，美国的养老院主要分成三类。
The nursing profession demands from low to high order, the American nursing home is divided into three main categories.
1、中等程度的护理机构（Intermediate care facility，简称ICF）
1. Intermediate care facility (ICF)
收入这种养老院的人多是没有完全丧失自理能力、年老、但不是真正病重的人，他们不需要像医院或专业护理院那么高的护理程度，这些人要么自费，要么由保险公司（如long term care insurance，长期护理保险）或第三方（如hospice，死前关怀公司）付费。
Income that many nursing homes is not completely lose self-care ability, old age, but not really sick people, they do not need like a hospital or a professional degree of nursing care is so high, these people either at his own expense, either by insurance company (such as long term care insurance, long-term care insurance) or a third party (such as hospice, before dying care companies) to pay.
2、协助生活机构（Assisted living facility，简称ALF）
2. Assisted living facility (ALF)
这种老人院主要是针对那些有残疾的人，他们每天会在指导和协助下进行一些锻炼或日常活动，这些人虽然不能独立生活，但也不需要24小时的医疗护理，这种协助机构的宗旨就是在保证生存尊严前提下的协助生活，由各州设定自己的标准和监管。依据每一个案例不同，协助生活的养老院由自费、长期护理保险、或联邦医疗保险Medicare单独或联合支付。
The elderly is mainly aimed at people who have disabilities, they will be under the guidance and help do some exercise every day or daily activities, although these people can't live independently, but also do not need 24-hour medical care, the aim of this assistance agency is under the premise that guarantee survival dignity of assisted living, by the states to set their own standards and regulations. Depending on each case, assisted living nursing homes are either individually or jointly paid for by themselves, long-term care insurance, or Medicare.
3、专业护理机构（Skilled nursing facility，简称SNF）
3. Professional nursing facility (SNF)
专业护理机构是由联邦医疗保险（Medicare）和联邦医疗补助（Medicaid）项目资助的护理设施，每年，美国这两个联邦项目的大部分支出都用来支持老人和残疾人的护理费用了。联邦医疗保险主要针对的是退休前交纳过社安税和联邦医疗保险的65岁以上的老人；而联邦医疗补助对应的则是贫困线以下的群体。这种养老院必需通过联邦和州政府的认证，同时严格遵守联邦和所在州的法律法规，还要定期接受检查。
Professional nursing organization is by Medicare (Medicare) and federal Medicaid (Medicaid) project funded care facilities, every year, most of the spending of the two federal program to support the elderly and disabled care costs. Medicare is mainly targeted at elderly people over 65 who have paid social security and medicare before they retire; Medicaid, for example, is below the poverty line. The nursing home has to be certified by federal and state governments, while strictly complying with federal and state laws and regulations, and is subject to periodic inspections.
美国的养老院是除医院之外能得到最专业护理的机构，除了提供医疗护理之外，他们还辅助老人洗澡、更衣、进食、便溺等日常生活需要，并提供社交和娱乐活动。据统计美国共有一万六千五百所养老院，近一百八十万张床位，共有三百五十万人居住在养老院里。
In addition to the nursing home of the United States is the hospital can get the most professional care institutions, in addition to providing medical care, they also assist the old man to take a bath, change clothes, eat, defecation, such as daily life needs, and provide social and recreational activities. According to statistics, there are 16,500 nursing homes in the United States, nearly 1.8 million beds, and 3.5 million people live in nursing homes.
*************
* * * * * * * * * * * * *
下面让我带你去看看专业护理级别的养老院的一些情况。
Let me show you a few things about nursing home care at a professional level.
养老院的外面。虽然各州对养老院建筑的规定不同，但养老院多是一层或至少低层的建筑，这是为了在紧急情况（火灾、地震等）下能快速疏散。
Outside the nursing home. Although states have different provisions for nursing home buildings, the nursing home is mostly a floor or at least low-rise buildings, which are designed to evacuate quickly under emergency conditions (fire, earthquake, etc.).
养老院四周的花园一般都养护得很好，其中的通道都没有梯坎，以方便轮椅的自由进出。养老院一般会专门雇一个花匠来打理花园，春夏的时候我也常常带着丫丫加入志愿者的队伍，到周围养老院的花园里帮忙。
The gardens around the nursing home are generally well maintained, and there are no terraced passages to facilitate the free movement of wheelchairs. The nursing home typically employs a gardener to take care of the garden, and in the spring and summer I often take my ya-ya to volunteer to help out in the garden of the nursing home.
大厅里有架钢琴，平时会弹奏的老人在有闲情的时候会演奏几下，也有一些志愿者在周末或节假日的时候专门前来为老人们演奏。
There was a piano in the hall, and the old man would play a few times when he was in love, and some of the volunteers came to play for the old people on weekends or holidays.
过道两边沿墙装有宽大结实的扶手，便于老人扶着站起来，而楼道里也没有上下的梯坎，方便轮椅通行。有楼层的养老院内都设有能容纳轮椅的电梯。
Along the two sides of the aisle, there are large and strong arms, so that the elderly can stand up and stand up, and there is no stairway in the stairway, which is convenient for wheelchair access. The floors are equipped with wheelchair elevators.
很多养老院都有至少一条受过严格训练、持有执照的“治疗狗”。美国的养老院是最早将狗用在临床治疗上的，因为美国人一般都特别喜欢狗，而狗给老人带来的快乐也是毫无保留的，这种安慰有时会超过偶尔前来探望的亲属和医护人员。
Many nursing homes have at least one well-trained, licensed "treatment dog". Nursing homes in the United States is the earliest will be used in clinical treatment of the dog, because the average American especially fond of dogs, and dogs happy brought the old man is without reservation, the comfort is sometimes more than once in a while to come to visit relatives and medical workers.
养老院里有一个中心护士站，病历存放在这里。每个老人都有自己的医生，没有特殊情况的话医生一般每个月会来看老人一次。养老院24小时有护士或护士助理值班，如有问题，护士随时可以和医生联系，紧急情况下救护车一般能在几分钟内把老人送到附近医院的急诊室。
There is a central nursing station in the nursing home, where the medical records are stored. Every old man has his own doctor, and doctors usually visit the old man every month without special circumstances. Nursing homes have a nurse or a nurse assistant on duty 24 hours, if any problem, the nurse can always contact a doctor, an emergency ambulance can generally within a few minutes the old man sent to the nearby hospital emergency room.
老人就餐的地方，餐桌之间留出的距离很大，以保证需要坐在轮椅上吃饭的老人能有足够的空间进出。
Where the old man has eaten, the distance between the tables is large enough to ensure that the elderly who need to sit in a wheelchair can have plenty of room to move in and out.
一天三餐的食谱，营养均衡，可惜不少老人没有胃口。
Three meals a day, nutrition balance, but many old people have no appetite.
室内活动场所，可以看电视、下棋、聊天、做手工等，虽然不少老人已经有某种程度的呆傻，但社交活动是人的本能需要，对老人非常有益，尤其有利于减缓痴呆症状的恶化。
Indoor activity room, you can watch TV, play chess, chat, do manual, etc., although many old people have some degree of DaiSha, but social activities is the instinct of a man needs, for the old man is very good, especially for slowing the progression of dementia symptoms.
小卖铺
Grocery stories
教堂，每周当地的牧师会按时前来诵经，也欢迎老人随时来这里祈祷等。
The church, a weekly local priest, would come to the recitation on time and welcome the old man to come and pray at any time.
物理治疗室。在专业理疗师的指导下，不少中风或骨折的病人可以部分或全部恢复日常生活功能。
Physical therapy room. Under the guidance of a professional physiotherapist, many patients with a stroke or fracture may recover some or all of their daily functions.
两个老人一间的卧室，中间有帘子可以拉开拉合。内有储藏柜和电视，为了怕老人从床上摔下来跌坏了，养老院一般提供矮床，对那些不能下床的老人床上设有吃饭的矮桌。
The two old men have a bedroom with a curtain that can pull it apart. Inside the storage cabinet and TV, in order to be afraid old people fall off from the bed to fall bad, the nursing home generally provides the low bed, to those who can not get out of the bed to have the table of table of meal.
老人坐在这样的椅子上，在护理人员的帮助下洗澡
The old man sat in such a chair and bathed with the help of the paramedics
养老院让他们有尊严地安度晚年。
The nursing home gives them dignity in their old age.
小编絮语：在中国，怎样让父母有尊严地养老一直是一个宏大的社会话题，在老年化的中国，中青年的身上背着更重的赡养责任，更多的独身子女面对着四个老人的养老问题。看完这篇文章，也能深刻地感受到中国老人生存的环境差异。我们终要老去，还是好好挣钱，争取老了能住上美国的养老院……
Small make up word: in China, how to let the parents have dignity endowment has always been a grand social issues, the aging of China, the young and middle-aged carrying greater responsibility to maintain more single children facing the four old man endowment problem. After reading this article, I can also deeply feel the environmental difference of the elderly living in China. We are going to get old, or we will make money, we will get old, we can live in a nursing home in America...
